Oncology
Oncology is a medical specialisation with that involves the study, treatment, diagnosis, and prevention of cancer. The doctor who practices this specialisation is referred to as an oncologist.
Oncology is primarily concerned with:
• The diagnosis of the cancer in a person. It a pathologic diagnosis to understand the type of cancer, and the grade, the abnormality the cancer cells when checked under a microscope and the speed at which the cancer cells are likely to grow and spread, and stage which is the extent of cancer that has already spread in the body.
• Therapies that include surgical procedures, chemotherapy and radiotherapy.
• Follow-up of patients after successful treatment of cancer.
• Palliative care of patients detected with terminal malignancies
Hemato-Oncology:
It combines haematology, and oncology, which is the study and treatment of cancer. It includes the study, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of blood diseases and cancers. The various treatments, include:
Chemotherapy is administered to the patient
- Orally,
- Intravenous (IV),
- Injection,
- Intrathecal,
- Intraperitoneal (IP),
- Intra-arterial (IA),
- Topical
Radiation Therapy:
Radiotherapy is one of the most common procedure of treating cancer, wherein radiation is used to destroy cancer cells or retard the growth. Radiotherapy can be used to treat primary or advanced cancer, and can reduce the size of the cancer or relieve pain. Bone marrow transplantation (BMT) : It is a treatment for certain cancers and other diseases that involves replacing a patient’s unhealthy bone marrow with healthy stem cells.
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